What does "pro forma" refer to?

"Pro forma" is a Latin term that translates to "for the sake of form." It is often used in various contexts, such as business, law, and accounting, to indicate that something is done as a matter of formality or standard procedure, rather than out of necessity or substance. For example, a pro forma invoice may be issued to provide an estimate for services or goods, even though it does not reflect a completed transaction. This approach serves to maintain compliance with customary practices or to meet regulatory requirements without asserting that the content is final or binding.

The other options do not accurately embody the meaning of "pro forma." The phrase specifically captures the concept of formality, rather than any notions related to death, duration, or calculations. Understanding the term's application is essential for interpreting its use in professional contexts, where maintaining procedural form can be significant.