What does the legal term "EX POST FACTO" typically address?

The legal term "EX POST FACTO" specifically refers to laws that apply retroactively, particularly concerning criminal law. It prohibits laws that impose penalties for actions that were not illegal at the time they were committed. This principle is rooted in the idea of fairness and justice, ensuring that individuals cannot be prosecuted for behavior that was lawful when it was conducted.

Choosing the option addressing actions taken after a law has been enacted directly reflects the essence of the ex post facto principles, which underscores the importance of legal predictability and protection of individual rights against retroactive legislation. Understanding this term is crucial for comprehending how laws interact with past actions, particularly in criminal contexts, ensuring that individuals are not unjustly penalized for acts that were not defined as crimes at the time they occurred.