What is a complaint in legal terms?

In legal terms, a complaint refers to the plaintiff's initial pleading, which outlines the basis of the legal action and the relief sought from the court. This document initiates a lawsuit and sets the stage for the legal proceedings by detailing the claims against the defendant. It includes the relevant facts that support the plaintiff's case, legal claims, and the relief that is being requested, whether it be monetary damages, an injunction, or other forms of remedy.

Since the complaint is the foundational document in civil litigation, the defendant must then respond to it, typically by filing an answer. This process establishes the framework for the court proceedings, as it clearly defines the issues that will be addressed during the case. Understanding the role of a complaint is crucial for anyone involved in the legal system, as it serves as the starting point for dispute resolution.