What is a summons?

A summons serves as an official notice delivered to a defendant in a legal action, informing them that a lawsuit has been filed against them and requiring their presence at court. It initiates the legal process, ensuring that the defendant is aware of the allegations and has the opportunity to respond. This is a fundamental aspect of due process, as it provides the defendant with the information necessary to prepare a defense.

The other options represent different legal concepts. A request for the judge’s decision pertains to post-trial motions or specific legal proceedings but does not define a summons. Evidence given by a witness relates to the testimonies provided during a trial, which is distinct from the notification aspect of a summons. Finally, the term for civil wrongs refers to tort law, which encompasses various kinds of wrongful acts, separate from the procedural nature of a summons itself.