What term is used to refer to the individual responsible for maintaining order in the courtroom?

The term that refers to the individual responsible for maintaining order in the courtroom is "Bailiff." A bailiff plays a critical role in the courtroom by ensuring that proceedings run smoothly and that decorum is maintained. They assist the judge in various tasks, such as calling cases, handling evidence, and managing the jurors, if present. Their presence helps to uphold the rules of the court and facilitate communication between the judge and the court participants.

In contrast, the other roles mentioned do not primarily focus on maintaining order. The judge oversees the court proceedings and makes legal determinations but relies on the bailiff to enforce the court's decorum. The court reporter is responsible for creating a verbatim record of the court proceedings, and the defendant is the individual accused in a legal case, who is primarily concerned with their defense and not with the court's order.